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What does an officer indicate when they tell a person they are not free to leave but that person is not in custody?
Arrest
Investigatory Detention
Citizen complaint
Voluntary consent
The correct answer is: Investigatory Detention
When an officer informs a person that they are not free to leave, it denotes an investigatory detention. This type of detention occurs in situations where a law enforcement officer has a reasonable suspicion that a person is involved in criminal activity, allowing the officer to temporarily restrain the individual's freedom to ask questions or conduct further inquiry. In this scenario, the individual is not formally arrested nor charged with a crime, meaning they are not in custody in a legal sense. Instead, the officer is conducting a brief investigatory check to determine the circumstances surrounding the situation. This is distinct from an arrest, where a person is taken into custody with the intention of charging them with a crime. The nature of investigatory detention is that it must be limited in duration and must be based on reasonable suspicion rather than mere curiosity. Understanding the nuances of these interactions is key for law enforcement officers, as it influences how they conduct investigations and respect citizens' rights while maintaining public safety.